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<title><![CDATA[韶华岁月]]></title> 
<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/index.php</link> 
<description><![CDATA[Ray's Blog]]></description> 
<language>zh-cn</language> 
<copyright><![CDATA[韶华岁月]]></copyright>
<item>
<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?2</link>
<title><![CDATA[老瓶装新酒]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[心情]]></category>
<pubDate>Sat, 08 Nov 2008 04:43:40 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?2</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	丢失已久的Blog终于恢复了，其实就是钱的问题，还有也比较忙……现在有点时间啦，也会陆续更新Blog的。并且增加了点广告。<br/><br/>本站网址: www.allenzheng.com
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</description>
</item><item>
<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?25</link>
<title><![CDATA[Linux Shell 技巧收集]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Tue, 08 Apr 2008 05:26:29 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?25</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	<div class="quote"><div class="quote-title">引用</div><div class="quote-content">从文件内容查找匹配指定字符串的行：<br/>$ grep "被查找的字符串" 文件名<br/><br/>从文件内容查找与正则表达式匹配的行：<br/>$ grep –e “正则表达式” 文件名<br/><br/>查找时不区分大小写：<br/>$ grep –i "被查找的字符串" 文件名<br/><br/>查找匹配的行数：<br/>$ grep -c "被查找的字符串" 文件名<br/><br/><br/>从文件内容查找不匹配指定字符串的行：<br/>$ grep –v "被查找的字符串" 文件名<br/><br/><br/>从根目录开始查找所有扩展名为.log的文本文件，并找出包含”ERROR”的行<br/><br/>find / -type f -name "*.log" &#124; xargs grep "ERROR"<br/><br/>linux sed 批量替换多个文件中的字符串<br/><br/>sed -i "s/oldstring/newstring/g" `grep oldstring -rl dir`</div></div><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=%25E8%2584%259A%25E6%259C%25AC" rel="tag">脚本</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=shell" rel="tag">shell</a>
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</description>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?24</link>
<title><![CDATA[ftp备份上传脚本【转】]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 2008 02:39:21 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?24</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	<span style="color: #4169E1;">一个常用的FTP备份上传脚本</span><div class="code">#!/bin/bash<br/>#<br/>######################################<br/># Purpost: Auto backup file by ftp<br/># Author: Kook.liu , E-Mail ( qsblj AT yahoo DOT com)<br/># From: LinuxFans<br/>######################################<br/># Below use ftp<br/>######################################<br/>#filename=$1<br/><br/># backup file<br/>DBNameA=bugfree_`date +%Y-%m-%d`.sql<br/>DBNameB=mantis_`date +%Y-%m-%d`.sql<br/>DBNameC=timelog_db_`date +%Y-%m-%d`.sql<br/>DBNameD=testlink_`date +%Y-%m-%d`.sql<br/>DBNameE=ks_com_`date +%Y-%m-%d`.ldif<br/><br/><br/># backup locate<br/>DBAPath=$HOME/backup/bugfree<br/>DBBPath=$HOME/backup/mantis<br/>DBCPath=$HOME/backup/timelog<br/>DBDPath=$HOME/backup/testlink<br/>DBEPath=$HOME/backup/ldap<br/><br/># svn path<br/>#svn_path=$HOME/Database<br/><br/>#backup mysql fund_db<br/>mysqldump -ubugfree -pdb_bugfree BugFree &gt; &quot;$DBAPath/$DBNameA&quot;<br/>mysqldump -umantis -pdb_mantis mantis &gt; &quot;$DBBPath/$DBNameB&quot;<br/>mysqldump -utimelog -pdb_timelog timelog_db &gt; &quot;$DBCPath/$DBNameC&quot;<br/>mysqldump -utestlink -pdb_testlink TestLink &gt; &quot;$DBDPath/$DBNameD&quot;<br/>/usr/sbin/slapcat -f /etc/ldap/slapd.conf -b &quot;dc=ksthiz,dc=com&quot; &gt; &quot;$DBEPath/$DBNameE&quot;<br/><br/># svn sync<br/>#cp $backup_path/$mysqlbak_name $svn_path<br/>#cd $svn_path<br/>#svn add $mysqlbak_name<br/>#svn ci -m &quot;add mysql.sql update everyday&quot;<br/>#cd $BackPath<br/><br/># up backup file<br/>ftp -nv &lt;&lt; !<br/>open 192.168.101.250<br/>user backup backup<br/>binary<br/>cd mysql<br/>put $DBNameA<br/>put $DBNameB<br/>put $DBNameC<br/>put $DBNameD<br/>put $DBNameE<br/>close<br/>bye<br/>#<br/>exit 0<br/>!# del package_name<br/>rm $package_name -f<br/>########################################</div><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=shell%25E8%2584%259A%25E6%259C%25AC" rel="tag">shell脚本</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=%25E5%25A4%2587%25E4%25BB%25BD" rel="tag">备份</a>
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</description>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?23</link>
<title><![CDATA[一个简单的网络监控shell]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 2008 08:09:57 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?23</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	<span style="color: #4169E1;">一个简单监控网络的脚本，思路是定时抓取ping的数值，然后通过html显示出来，方便领导查看，呵呵</span>文件1：NetMon.sh<br/><div class="code">#!/bin/bash<br/>####################################<br/>#Purpose: Network Monitoring<br/>#Author: Allen.Zheng,E-Mail XXXXXXX<br/>#Date: 2007/12/19<br/>####################################<br/>#<br/>####################################<br/>pwd=&quot;/home/ray/NetMoni&quot;<br/>tmp=&quot;/var/www/html/index.html&quot;<br/>ks=222.xxx<br/>ksmail=222.xxx<br/>baidu=www.baidu.com<br/>taobao=www.yahoo.cn<br/>yahoo=www.yahoo.com<br/>nba=www.nba.com<br/>date=`date +%D`<br/>time=`date +%R`<br/>tmpvar=`tail -n 1 $tmp`<br/>/bin/sed -i &#039;$d&#039; $tmp <br/> <br/>#echo &quot;##########$ks###########$d##########&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/> <br/>/bin/ping $ks -c 3 &gt; $pwd/temp_ks<br/>ks_time=`/bin/sed -n &#039;/icmp/p&#039; $pwd/temp_ks &#124;awk -F&quot;=&quot; &#039;&#123;print $4&#125;&#039;&#124; tail -1`<br/> <br/>#echo -e &quot;&#92;n##########$ksmail##########&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>/bin/ping $ksmail -c 3 &gt; $pwd/temp_ksmail<br/>ksmail_time=`/bin/sed -n &#039;/icmp/p&#039; $pwd/temp_ksmail &#124;awk -F&quot;=&quot; &#039;&#123;print $4&#125;&#039;&#124; tail -1`<br/></div><div class="code"> <br/>#echo -e &quot;&#92;n##########$baidu#########&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>/bin/ping $baidu -c 3 &gt; $pwd/temp_baidu <br/>baidu_time=`/bin/sed -n &#039;/icmp/p&#039; $pwd/temp_baidu &#124;awk -F&quot;=&quot; &#039;&#123;print $4&#125;&#039;&#124; tail -1`<br/> <br/>#echo -e &quot;&#92;n##########$taobao#########&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>/bin/ping $taobao -c 3 &gt; $pwd/temp_taobao <br/>taobao_time=`/bin/sed -n &#039;/icmp/p&#039; $pwd/temp_taobao &#124;awk -F&quot;=&quot; &#039;&#123;print $4&#125;&#039;&#124; tail -1`<br/> <br/>#echo -e &quot;&#92;n##########$yahoo###########&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>/bin/ping $yahoo -c 3 &gt; $pwd/temp_yahoo<br/>yahoo_time=`/bin/sed -n &#039;/icmp/p&#039; $pwd/temp_yahoo &#124;awk -F&quot;=&quot; &#039;&#123;print $4&#125;&#039;&#124; tail -1`<br/> <br/>#echo -e &quot;&#92;n##########$nba###########&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>/bin/ping $nba -c 3 &gt; $pwd/temp_nba<br/>nba_time=`/bin/sed -n &#039;/icmp/p&#039; $pwd/temp_nba &#124;awk -F&quot;=&quot; &#039;&#123;print $4&#125;&#039;&#124; tail -1`<br/> <br/>#echo -e &quot;##################Over$d###################&#92;n&quot; &gt;&gt;$tmp<br/> <br/>#&nbsp;&nbsp;NEWIP=`/bin/sed -n &#039;/from/p&#039; /root/tmp &#124;awk -F: &#039;&#123;print $1&#125;&#039;&#124;awk &#039;&#123;print $4&#125;&#039; &#124; tail -1`<br/> <br/>echo &quot;&lt;table width=700&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&lt;tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t&lt;td&gt;$date&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;网址&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;速度&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;时间&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;/tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td rowspan=2&gt;公司&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$ks&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$ks_time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;/tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$ksmail&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$ksmail_time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;/tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td rowspan=2&gt;国内&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$baidu&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$baidu_time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;/tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$taobao&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$taobao_time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;/tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td rowspan=2&gt;国外&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$yahoo&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$yahoo_time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;/tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$nba&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$nba_time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t&#92;t &lt;td&gt;$time&lt;/td&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&#92;t &lt;/tr&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&lt;/table&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo -e &quot;&lt;p&gt;==================================================================================&lt;/p&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt; $tmp<br/>echo $tmpvar &gt;&gt; $tmp</div><br/><br/>indexrotate.sh<br/><div class="code">#!/bin/bash<br/>#<br/>####################################<br/>#Purpose: Rotate index.html file<br/>#Author: Allen.Zheng,E-Mail XXXXXXX<br/>#Date: 2007/12/21<br/>####################################<br/>#<br/>####################################<br/> <br/>mv /var/www/html/index.html /var/www/html/index.html_`date +%F`<br/>cp /var/www/html/index /var/www/html/index.html</div><br/><br/>index模板<br/><div class="code">&lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC &quot;-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN&quot; &quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd&quot;&gt;<br/>&lt;html xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&quot;&gt;<br/>&lt;head&gt;<br/>&lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-Type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=utf-8&quot; /&gt;<br/>&lt;title&gt;XX办公室网速监测报告&lt;/title&gt;<br/>&lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&gt;<br/>&lt;!--<br/>.STYLE1 &#123;font-size: small&#125;<br/>.STYLE2 &#123;font-size: 5px&#125;<br/>.STYLE3 &#123;font-size: 5pt&#125;<br/>--&gt;<br/>&lt;/style&gt;<br/>&lt;/head&gt;<br/> &lt;body&gt;<br/>&lt;h3 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;xx办公室网速监测报告&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;<br/>&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;</div><br/><br/>apache 加密<br/>/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf<br/><div class="code">&lt;Directory &quot;/var/www/html/&quot;&gt;<br/>AuthType Basic<br/>AuthName &quot;Password Required&quot;<br/>AuthUserFile &quot;/var/www/.htpasswd&quot;<br/>Require valid-user<br/>&lt;/Directory&gt;</div><br/><br/>htpasswd -b -c /var/www/.htpasswd username password<br/><br/>crontab定时更新<br/>*/5 * * * *&nbsp;&nbsp;NetMon.sh&nbsp;&nbsp;#每5分钟更新一次<br/>01 3 * * * indexrotate.sh #每天3点更新一次<br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=shell" rel="tag">shell</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=%25E7%25BD%2591%25E7%25BB%259C%25E7%259B%2591%25E6%258E%25A7" rel="tag">网络监控</a>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?22</link>
<title><![CDATA[邮件服务器Postfix+LDAP验证--FAQ]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2008 06:03:13 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?22</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	<span style="color: #4169E1;">最近在搭建邮件服务器，其包括Postfix, Amavisd-new, ClamAV, ExtMail 和ExtMan， Courier系列软件，数据库用的是LDAP。搭建方法具体网上也有介绍，也就重复了，这里只是遇到的一些问题和解决方案，给遇到相同问题的人一些参考。<br/>FAQ<br/>1.authldap.so 模块在courier-authlib-ldap包里，这个包在EMOS的iso里有<br/>2.10024端口是amavisd端口<br/>3.原来是在main.cf文件中myhostname与mydomain不能一样，要不然<br/>虚拟域和main.cf中设的域名一样就会出现问题:<br/>myhostname = xxx.com.cn<br/>mydomain = xxxx.com.cn<br/>修改如下:<br/>myhostname = mail.xxx.com.cn<br/>mydomain = xxxx.com.cn<br/><br/>4.authldap: TEMPFAIL - no more modules will be tried<br/>5.authldaplib: refuse to authenticate abc@glfsoft.com: uid=0, gid=0 (zero uid or gid not permitted)<br/>文本格式问题，字段前面不要用空格，uid gid 用数字（如：1000）<br/>authmysqlrc authldaprc<br/>注意：确认在这个文件中不能用空格键，只能用tab键。 <br/>确认只使用单引号，比如：'/var/mailbox/','UID','GID' <br/>localhost不能用单引号 <br/>确认你的/etc/hosts文件中有localhost <br/>编译时如果支持Ipv6可能导致错误 <br/>MYSQL_GID_FIELD 和MYSQL_UID_FIELD是maildrop的UID和GID，而不是MySQL的。 <br/>如果想使用md5密码，把MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD password改成MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD password<br/></span><span style="color: #4169E1;"><br/>6.Jan &nbsp;9 13:35:47 ray postfix/smtpd[11946]: warning: dict_nis_init: NIS domain name not set - NIS lookups disabled<br/>Jan &nbsp;9 13:35:47 ray postfix/smtpd[11946]: warning: cannot get certificate from file /etc/postfix/ssl/glfmailcert.pem<br/>Jan &nbsp;9 13:35:47 ray postfix/smtpd[11946]: warning: TLS library problem: 11946:error:0906D06C:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:no start line:pem_lib.c:644:Expecting: CERTIFICATE:<br/>Jan &nbsp;9 13:35:47 ray postfix/smtpd[11946]: warning: TLS library problem: 11946:error:140DC009:SSL routines:SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file:PEM lib:ssl_rsa.c:727:<br/>Jan &nbsp;9 13:35:47 ray postfix/smtpd[11946]: cannot load RSA certificate and key data<br/>证书生成有问题，重新生成<br/><br/>7.extman的验证码无法显示的问题 google一下这个包<br/>rpm -ivh perl-GD-2.35-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm<br/><br/>8.warning: SASL authentication failure: cannot connect to saslauthd server: No such file or directory<br/>/etc/postfix/main.cf 文件格式 /usr/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf 格式 （smtp用的是courier的smtp）<br/><br/>9.给smtp加密<br/>分三个步骤<br/>一.创建证书<br/>1.自己创建 CA<br/>/etc/pki/tls/misc<br/>./CA -newca<br/>2.产生服务器端证书<br/>openssl req -new -nodes -keyout mailkey.pem -out mailreq.pem -days 365<br/><br/>-new表示你想产生公私钥与CSR<br/>-nodes表示选项不加密<br/>-keyout 表示私钥文件<br/>-out 表示CSR文件<br/><br/>签发证书<br/>openssl ca -out mail_signed_cert.pem -infiles mailreq.pem<br/><br/>至此一个证书就制作成功了<br/>考虑到私钥的重要性,还需要做相关设置<br/>chown root mailkey.pem<br/>chmod 400 mailkey.pem<br/><br/>二.编辑main.cf文件<br/>smtpd_tls_auth_only = no<br/>smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem<br/>smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:/var/spool/postfix/smtp_tls_session_cache<br/>smtp_use_tls = yes<br/>smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem<br/>smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/tanocert.pem<br/>smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/tanokey.pem<br/>smtpd_tls_received_header = yes<br/>smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:/var/spool/postfix/smtpd_tls_session_cache<br/>tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom<br/># Postfix 2.3 and later<br/>smtpd_tls_security_level = may<br/># Obsolete, but still supported<br/>smtpd_use_tls = yes<br/><br/>三.编辑master.cf<br/><br/>smtps &nbsp; &nbsp; inet &nbsp;n &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; n &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; smtpd -v<br/> &nbsp;-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes<br/> &nbsp;-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes<br/> &nbsp;-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject<br/><br/>验证<br/>telnet localhost 25<br/>echo mailserver.com<br/>STARTTLS<br/>如果出现<br/>220 2.0.0 Ready to start TLS<br/>说明配置成功<br/><br/>pop3的证书使用courier-imap自带的mkpop3dcert来制作<br/><br/>其他说明:<br/>打开smtpd的debug功能,master.conf中, smtpd -v<br/>打开authdaemon的debug功能,在authdamonrc<br/></span><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=postfix" rel="tag">postfix</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=ldap" rel="tag">ldap</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=faq" rel="tag">faq</a>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?21</link>
<title><![CDATA[RHCE视频教程 - 台湾培亚(转)]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Tue, 08 Jan 2008 01:38:27 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?21</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	<span style="color: #4169E1;">同事推荐的RHCE视频教程，听说比上海文华教的好，而且价格还便宜（6000台币），网上有下载地址。<br/>也许今年也该去考一个了。</span><br/><div class="quote"><div class="quote-title">引用</div><div class="quote-content">中文名称：RHCE教程,内附RHEL 4 DVD<br/>英文名称：Red Hat Certified Engineering<br/>发行时间：2004年<br/>地区：大陆<br/>语言：普通话<br/>简介：<br/>适用于Linux的新使用者，他们希望了解并掌握基本知识，以顺利使用他们自己的Red Hat Linux系统。完成此课程后，Red Hat Linux使用者可高效率地使用及自订Red Hat系统，并执行常见的指令行处理与各种桌面工作。<br/>　　课程目标:<br/>　　于bash shell指令行执行Linux命令<br/>　　于指令行和GNOME接口执行程序<br/>　　使用和定做X window窗口系统和GNOME桌面环境<br/>　　使用GNOME GUI执行通用任务<br/>　　了解Linux文件系统<br/>　　执行普通文件维护任务<br/>　　了解和维护文件权限<br/>　　从软盘拷贝档案<br/>　　使用vi编辑器打开、编辑和保存文本文件<br/>　　使用规则匹配<br/>　　过滤器处理文本<br/>　　使用打印指令和公用程序<br/>　　了解和使用电子邮件和相关应用<br/>　　连接过程和文件使用标准输入/输出和管道<br/></div></div><div class="quote"><div class="quote-title">引用</div><div class="quote-content"><br/> &nbsp; &nbsp;控制系统过程<br/>　　询问系统装置的软件<br/>　　使用网络应用和公用程序<br/>　　安全地通讯和转移文件<br/>　　用户的系统工具<br/>　　执行基本bash shell的scripting、sed、awk和perl<br/>　　安装Red Hat Linux<br/>　　其它<br/>　　适合人员:<br/>　　为没有在Linux或Unix的指令行经验而想提升为使用和定做他们自己的Red Hat Linux工作站技能的人</div></div><br/><a href="http://www.pviva.com" target="_blank">点此进入台湾培亚官方</a><br/><a href="http://www.verycd.com/topics/205385/" target="_blank">点此进入VeryCd下载地址</a><br/><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=rhce%25E8%25AE%25A4%25E8%25AF%2581" rel="tag">rhce认证</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=%25E8%25A7%2586%25E9%25A2%2591" rel="tag">视频</a>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?20</link>
<title><![CDATA[让CentOS 5 支持xFS文件系统]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Thu, 22 Nov 2007 02:23:31 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?20</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	<span style="color: #4169E1;">CentOS 5 缺省kernel不支持xfs，也不支持reiserFS，只支持ext2、ext3、vfat，是关系到SELinux的原因。<br/>一下是各文件系统的性能比较图（环境是Pentium III - 16 Mb RAM - 2 Gb HD）：<br/><br/>图片转自：http://blog.csdn.net/vispper/archive/2004/11/12/178414.aspx<br/><br/>XFS是一个SGI开发的linux环境下的日志文件系统，它是一个成熟的技术，最初是使用在IRIX系统上的文件系统。XFS遵循GPL版权申明。它默认支持Quota，但不支持GRUB。<br/><br/>把系统安装在ext3文件系统上，在安装系统时注意分区规划，因为，系统根分区安装后不能修改，只能在用ext3，而其他分区可以格式化xfs的。我的分区是这样的，根分区，/home，/opt，系统安装后把/home，/opt转成xFS文件格式。<br/><br/>在 http://mirror.centos.org/centos-5/5.0/centosplus/i386/RPMS/ 里下载几个包<br/></span><span style="color: #4169E1;"><br/>kernel-2.6.18-8.1.15.el5.centos.plus.i686.rpm<br/>xfsprogs-2.9.4-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm<br/>kmod-xfs-0.4-1.2.6.18_8.1.15.el5.centos.plus.i686.rpm<br/>dmapi-2.2.8-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm<br/>xfsdump-2.2.46-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm<br/>(注意顺序)<br/>reiserfs-utils-3.6.19-2.4.1.i386.rpm 是他也支持reiserfs<br/>rpm -ivh 安装以上文件<br/><br/>重启，使用新的内核kernel-2.6.18-8.1.15.el5.centos.plus<br/>#modeprobe xfs <br/>#lsmod &#124;grep xfs <br/> xfs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 481240 1<br/>#dmesg <br/>如果有如下信息，说明xfs module成功加载<br/>SGI XFS with ACLs, security attributes, realtime, large block numbers, no debug enabled<br/>SGI XFS Quota Management subsystem<br/>也就加载成功了<br/>格式化xfs文件系统 假设原系统中sda3为/opt<br/><br/>停止和/opt分区相关应用，备份 <br/>#cp -a /opt/* /bakcup/opt<br/>#umount /opt<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br/>#mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sda3 <br/>提示如下：<br/>meta-data=/dev/sda3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;isize=256&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;agcount=16, agsize=789067 blks<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sectsz=512&nbsp;&nbsp; attr=0<br/>data&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bsize=4096&nbsp;&nbsp; blocks=12625072, imaxpct=25<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sunit=0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swidth=0 blks, unwritten=1<br/>naming&nbsp;&nbsp; =version 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bsize=4096<br/>log&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=internal log&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bsize=4096&nbsp;&nbsp; blocks=6164, version=1<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sectsz=512&nbsp;&nbsp; sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=0<br/>realtime =none&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; extsz=4096&nbsp;&nbsp; blocks=0, rtextents=0<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br/>修改/etc/fstab <br/>#LABEL=/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ext3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;defaults&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1 2<br/>/dev/sda3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/opt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;xfs&nbsp;&nbsp; defaults&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp; 1<br/><br/>手工mount <br/>#mount –t xfs /dev/sda3 /xfs <br/>将备份文件恢复<br/><br/>reboot后。系统自动mount /opt 访问xfs</span><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=centos" rel="tag">centos</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=xfs" rel="tag">xfs</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=reiserfs" rel="tag">reiserfs</a>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?19</link>
<title><![CDATA[AIX TEST222 考纲]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Unix]]></category>
<pubDate>Fri, 09 Nov 2007 03:18:01 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?19</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	转自chinaunix<br/><div class="code">Section 1 - Planning &nbsp; &nbsp;4%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Determine device needs (e.g., communication adapters, disk controllers, HBAs, tape drives, CD-ROM drives, etc.) <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Determine the AIX OS level compatibility <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Determine redundancy requirements for levels of availability (e.g., multiple I/O controllers, multiple communication controllers, multiple processors, multiple power supplies, RAID-level protection, dynamic CPU deallocation, dead gateway detection) <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Select appropriate IBM resources for system planning <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe LPAR and dLPAR features and benefits <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Determine disk requirements <br/>Section 2 - AIX Installation and Updates &nbsp; &nbsp;11%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Install AIX from Media using CDROM or DVD or tape <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the NIM installation process and configuration <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Identify why install hangs or fails <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Identify installation LED codes <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the purpose of Trusted Computing Base (TCB) <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the Alt Disk installation process and its advantages <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the process to clone a system from a mksysb <br/>H. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the differences between migration, preservation, and new and complete overwrite installation <br/>I. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Install software updates (e.g., PTFs) <br/>J. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the options available for adding and removing filesets (e.g., commit, apply, remove, reject) <br/>K. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the AIX installation packaging <br/>L. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Given an operating system or application requirement, select the appropriate AIX installation method <br/>M. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Manage filesets (eg: bffcreate and inutoc) <br/>N. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Identify the operating system maintenance level and installed filesets <br/>O. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Verify integrity of OS (e.g., lppchk and its flags) <br/>P. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the differences between installp and rpm <br/></div><div class="code"><br/>Section 3 - Boot Process &nbsp; 9%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the boot process (cfgmgr, file system mounts, application startup, rootvg varyon, BIST, POST, boot sector load, login enablement) <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the use of the /etc/inittab <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe LED codes (121, 223, 229, 551, 552, 553, 581, OC31, OC32) <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe how to recover from a hung boot process <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe run levels 0 through 9 <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the use of the following rc.* files (rc.net, rc.tcpip, rc.boot, rc., rc.local) <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Show, modify and reset bootlist <br/>Section 4 - Configuration &nbsp; 16%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the function of the ODM and the locations of its files <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Query ODM <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the function of smit <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the process to run a Linux application under AIX <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Configure the network using the following: TCP/IP, /etc/hosts, hostname, ifconfig, chdev, route, /etc/resolv.conf, etc/netsvc.conf, no, /etc/ntpd.conf <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Configure Ethernet adapter (speed, duplex, virtual ethernet) <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use NFS to import/export file systems (e.g., /etc/exports, biod, nfsd) <br/>H. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Configure, list and modify paging space <br/>I. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Determine/modify existing device configuration <br/>J. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Reconfigure system to move from 32-bit to 64-bit and vice versa <br/>K. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Check for possible exposure in system access files (e.g., /etc/hosts.equiv, .rhosts, .netrc, .forward) <br/>Section 5 - Storage and LVM&lt; &nbsp; 14%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the relationship between physical and logical volumes and volume groups <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the relationship between logical volumes and filesystems <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the differences between JFS vs. JFS2 <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Manage volume groups (varyonvg, varoffvg, mkvg, importvg, exportvg, lsvg) <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Manage logical volumes <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Manage filesystems (mount, fsck, chfs, mkfs, defragfs) <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the relationship between physical partition size and physical disk size <br/>H. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;List the attributes of volume groups, logical volumes, and filesystems that cannot be changed <br/>I. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Migrate data from one physical volume to another <br/>Section 6 - Monitoring and Tuning &nbsp;11%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Monitor root mail for error messages <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Monitor file systems growth to prevent a full file system <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Monitor the error log for hardware and software errors <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use and interpret output from vmstat and sar to determine performance problems <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use /etc/tunables for customization of system parameters <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Given system performance problems, select the appropriate tool(s) (e.g., vmstat, iostat, topas, netstat, sar, /proc) <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use and interpret output from netstat and iostat to determine performance problems <br/>H. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use and interpret the output of /proc commands for problem determination <br/>I. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Configure and monitor syslog for error conditions <br/>J. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the system commands that document current system configuration <br/>K. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use the Resource System Controller (RSCT) to set up resource and system monitoring <br/>L. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the advantages of using Workload Manager (WLM) for system resource allocation <br/>M. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe Partition LoadManager features <br/>N. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe how to determine and recover from a full file system <br/>Section 7 - Problem Determination and Resolution &nbsp; 13%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Given a system problem, determine which tool (e.g., errpt, diag, netstat, ifconfig, ping, filemon, traceroute) is appropriate for problem determination <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Monitor, interpret and manage the error log using errpt and/or errclear <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Identify reasons to monitor the root user&#039;s mail <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Identify when to use PerfPMRs <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Manage a support call with IBM (e.g., open, severity levels, escalation, closing) <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Determine how to size and configure dump devices <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe hot plug processes for replacing devices <br/>H. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Given user problems, determine appropriate actions (e.g., usrck, grpck, file permissions, resetting failed login attempts, user limits) <br/>I. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Given a hardware related problem, identify the probable cause <br/>J. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Given failed disk situations, describe the procedures for replacing the bad disk <br/>K. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Access rootvg in maintenance mode <br/>L. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use alog to examine boot messages to locate startup problems <br/>M. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Troubleshoot system hangs when trying to start desktop <br/>N. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Troubleshoot error unable to open display <br/>Section 8 - Backup and Recovery / Disaster Recovery &nbsp;8%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe methods of backing up and restoring the operating system (e.g., mksysb) <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe methods of managing / positioning tape backup media for backup and restore purposes <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe methods of backing up and restoring data and data structures (savevg and restvg, backup and restore, tar, cpio, pax, mkcd, gzip and gunzip) <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe methods to list / verify contents of backup media <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe methods of selectively altering / excluding data during backup and restore process <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Identify the elements of disaster recovery plans based on business needs <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the differences between full, differential, and incremental backups and their effect on backup and restore windows <br/>Section 9 - Daily Management &nbsp; &nbsp;14%<br/>A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Add / delete / alter userids and passwo rds <br/>B. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Alter default user profiles and limits (i.e., command shell profiles and /etc/security) <br/>C. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe methods to monitor and manage processes (e.g., ps, kill, nice, fuser, topas, svmon) <br/>D. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Identify and correct errors in shell script examples <br/>E. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Define AIX file and directory permissions (e.g., user, group, other) and ownership <br/>F. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Define and/or modify file permissions and ownership (e.g., chmod, chown, chgrp) <br/>G. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe differences between foreground and background processes <br/>H. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe how to check and alter priority of a process <br/>I. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe the differences between local and global variables and how to set, unset and show them <br/>J. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe how to enable System V printing <br/>K. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Manage the print queuing subsystem <br/>L. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Edit a file using vi <br/>M. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe methods to read / create / delete / configure email <br/>N. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe use of metacharacters and wildcards within the shell <br/>O. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Describe how to redirect stdin, stdout, and stderr <br/>P. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Use cron to schedule tasks <br/>Q. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Control system processes using System Resource Controller (SRC)</div><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=aix" rel="tag">aix</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=222" rel="tag">222</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=%25E8%2580%2583%25E7%25BA%25B2" rel="tag">考纲</a>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?18</link>
<title><![CDATA[ADSL动态地址+DDNS自动更新+VPN脚本自动更新]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Mon, 22 Oct 2007 07:41:55 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?18</guid> 
<description>
<![CDATA[ 
	<div class="code">#!/bin/bash<br/>#<br/>#################################<br/># Purpose: Check ADSL IPADDRESS<br/># Author: Allen.Zheng , E-Mail ( allenzheng DOT sh AT gmail DOT com)<br/># Date: 2007/10/22<br/>#################################<br/>#<br/>#################################<br/>BDIR=&quot;/opt/DDNS&quot;<br/>KEYFILE=&quot;$BDIR&quot;/&quot;Kkook.+157+31329.key&quot;<br/>TTL=600<br/>OUTIF=&quot;ppp0&quot;<br/>HOSTNAME=&quot;kh.xxx.com&quot;<br/>DNSSERVER=&quot;222.xx.xx.xx&quot;<br/>TMPFILE=$BDIR/tmp.txt<br/><br/>NEWIP=`/sbin/ifconfig &nbsp;&quot;$OUTIF&quot; &#124; grep Mask &#124; awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;&#123;print $2&#125;&#039;&#124; awk &#039;&#123;print $1&#125;&#039;`<br/><br/>cd $BDIR<br/><br/>echo $NEWIP &gt; ./ipaddress_last<br/><br/>if &#91; -n &quot;`diff ipaddress_old ipaddress_last`&quot; &#93;;<br/>then<br/>#IPaddress backup,send IPaddress to mailbox<br/>echo $NEWIP &gt; ./ipaddress_old<br/>#sendEmail -f ADSL-IPaddress-report@shglf.com -t &nbsp;我的邮箱 -u &quot;ADSL-IPaddress-Report&quot; -o message-file=ipaddress_last<br/>mail -s &quot;ADSL-IPaddress-report-`date`&quot; -c 我的邮箱 &lt; ./ipaddress_last -- -f 已哪个邮箱名义发送<br/><br/><br/>echo &quot;server $DNSSERVER&quot; &gt; $TMPFILE<br/>echo &quot;update delete $HOSTNAME A&quot; &gt;&gt; $TMPFILE<br/>echo &quot;update add $HOSTNAME $TTL A $NEWIP&quot; &gt;&gt; $TMPFILE<br/>echo &quot;send&quot; &gt;&gt; $TMPFILE<br/># send you IP to server<br/>/usr/bin/nsupdate -k $KEYFILE -v $TMPFILE<br/><br/>sed -e &#039;s/New_IP/&#039;$NEWIP&#039;/&#039; /etc/ipsec.conf.ini &gt; /etc/ipsec.conf<br/>/etc/init.d/ipsec restart<br/>#else<br/>#echo &quot;No change&quot;<br/>fi</div><br/><br/>DDNS的做法 http://www.52zhe.cn/read.php?102<br/><br/><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=shell" rel="tag">shell</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=sed" rel="tag">sed</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=adsl" rel="tag">adsl</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=vpn" rel="tag">vpn</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=ddns" rel="tag">ddns</a>
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</description>
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<link>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?17</link>
<title><![CDATA[红帽认证工程师及红帽认证技师应试指南]]></title> 
<author>ray &lt;allenzheng.sh AT gmail DOT com&gt;</author>
<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
<pubDate>Mon, 15 Oct 2007 11:47:45 +0000</pubDate> 
<guid>http://www.allenzheng.com/read.php?17</guid> 
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	<span style="font-size: large"><strong>红帽认证工程师及红帽认证技师应试指南-中文 （转）</strong></span><br /><strong><span style="font-size: small">概述</span></strong><br /><br />在本指南中，主要对红帽认证技师（RHCT）或红帽认证工程师（RHCE）应试过程中可能会用到的信息进行了介绍。对于红帽全球培训服务（Red Hat Global Learning Services）以外的任何机构或个人提供的其它指南、书籍、在线资源或任何其它信息的内容或准确性，红帽不承担责任。红帽保留在适当的时候对本指南进行修改的权利，同时，红帽建议报名参加即将举办的课程或考试的人员定期查看本指南，及时了解所做调整。<br /><br />红帽认证工程师和红帽认证技师考试是对考生所掌握的红帽企业Linux系统管理技能和知识的评估，它以考生的实际操作能力为基础，要求考生执行许多常规的系统管理任务，并对其是否满足特定目标标准进行评估。基于实际操作能力的测试意味着考生必须执行他们在工作中必须完成的类似任务。<br /><br />红帽认证工程师和红帽认证技师的潜在聘用单位可以要求声称拥有其中某种证书的应聘人员提供证书编号并在红帽网站进行审核，从而核实他们的陈述是否属实。<br /><br />只有红帽及红帽认证培训合作伙伴（Red Hat Certified Training Partners）有权管理红帽认证工程师和红帽认证技师考试。考生在从红帽以外的提供商购买红帽认证技师或红帽认证工程师考试名额时应谨慎行事。他们应该检验该提供商是否是一个有效存在的、合法的授权培训合作伙伴。如果有任何非红帽认证培训合作伙伴的机构声称可以提供红帽认证工程师或红帽认证技师考试，请通知红帽公司，邮件地址为greymarket@redhat.com。<br /><br />红帽认证工程师和红帽认证技师考试的正式分数将由红帽认证中心（Red Hat Certification Central）独家提供。红帽没有授权任何主考人或培训合作伙伴直接向考生报告成绩。考试成绩通常会在美国3个工作日内通知考生。<br /><br />所通知的考试成绩为各部分的得分。红帽既不会汇报考生在各个考试项目上的表现情况，也不会根据考生的要求提供其它信息。<br /><strong><span style="font-size: small">参加红帽认证技师及红帽认证工程师考试需要进行的准备</span></strong><br /><br />为了帮助所有想成为红帽认证技师和红帽认证工程师的考生准备红帽认证工程师或红帽认证技师考试，红帽鼓励他们考虑一下参加一门或多门正式培训课程。但是红帽并不要求考生必须参加这些课程，考生也可以选择只参加考试。据那些已掌握重要的技能知识并参加过培训课程的许多合格考生介绍，培训课程使他们发生了根本的改变。<br /><br />红帽提供有在线技能评估，可以帮助您确定需要参加的最佳课程。<br /><br />尽管参加红帽课程是准备参加红帽认证工程师或红帽认证技师考试的重要一步，但是参加培训课程并不能保证您能顺利通过考试，以往的经验、实践和聪明才智也是成功的重要决定因素。<br /><br />目前有许多关于如何对红帽操作系统产品进行系统管理的书籍和其它资源。但是其中任何一种图书或资源都不是经红帽正式批准的红帽认证技师或红帽认证工程师考试辅导指南。不管怎样，参考读物确实会帮助您加深理解，使您受益菲浅。<br /><strong><span style="font-size: small">红帽认证技师和红帽认证工程师考试构成：</span></strong><br /><br />红帽认证技师考试是红帽认证工程师考试的一部分，其安排如下：<br />故障排除及系统维护－1个小时<br />安装及配置－2个小时<br /><br />要成为红帽认证技师，考生必须圆满完成故障排除及系统维护部分的所有要求，同时在安装配置部分获得70或70分以上的分数。<br /><br />有关红帽企业Linux 3及更高版本的红帽认证工程师考试，具体安排如下： <br />故障排除及系统维护－2.5个小时<br />安装及配置－3.0个小时<br /><br />要成为红帽认证工程师，考生必须圆满完成红帽认证技师级别故障排除及系统维护部分的所有要求，圆满完成其它红帽认证工程师考试内容，并且在这一部分的分数不低于80分。<br /><br />此外，考生在安装配置部分红帽认证技师考试项目上必须获得70或70分以上的分数，以及在同一部分红帽认证工程师考试项目上获得不低于70的分数。在下面的部分，我们将分别介绍与红帽认证技师和红帽认证工程师相关的技能。<br /><span style="font-size: small"><strong>红帽认证工程师考试的学习要点<br />红帽认证技师和红帽认证工程师必须具备的技能</strong></span><br /><br />考生应该掌握如下的技能，这是因为这些技能对于达到红帽认证技师和红帽认证工程师考试的要求必不可少：<br />使用标准的命令行工具（如ls、cp、mv、rm、tail、cat）来创建、删除、查看和调查文件及目录<br />使用grep、sed和awk来处理文本流和文件<br />使用基于终端的文本编辑器，如vi/vim来修改文本文件<br />使用输入/输出重导（input/output redirection）<br />了解TCP/IP网络的基本原则，包括IP地址、子网掩码和网关<br />使用su切换用户账户<br />使用passwd来设置密码<br />使用tar、gzip和bzip2v <br />在红帽企业Linux之上配置一个邮件客户端<br />使用mozilla 和/或 lynx访问HTTP/HTTPS URL<br />使用lftp访问FTP URL<br /><span style="font-size: small"><strong>红帽认证技师必须掌握的技能<br />故障排除及系统维护</strong></span><br /><br />红帽认证技师应该具有如下技能：<br />以不同运行级启动系统，从而进行故障排除和系统维护<br />诊断并校正配置不当的网络<br />诊断并校正主机名解析（hostname resolution）问题<br />配置X Window系统及一个desktop环境<br />向现有系统添加新的区、文件系统和swap<br />使用标准的命令行工具来分析问题和配置系统<br /><span style="font-size: small"><strong>安装配置</strong></span><br /><br />红帽认证技师必须具有如下技能：<br />安装网络操作系统<br />执行定制分区模式<br />配置打印机<br />使用cron 和 at 配置任务的时间安排<br />将系统与网络目录服务相连，如NIS或LDAP<br />配置autofs<br />添加和管理用户、组和限额<br />通过配置文件系统的权限实现协同<br />安装和更新RPM<br />正确更新内核RPM<br />修改系统bootloader<br />安装和运行时执行Software RAID<br />使用/proc/sys 和sysctl来修改和设置内核运行时间参数<br /><span style="font-size: small"><strong>红帽认证工程师必须掌握的技能<br />故障排除及系统维护</strong></span><br /><br />红帽认证工程师除了必须具有上述红帽认证技师技能外，还应该具有如下技能：<br />使用第一张安装盘提供的救援模式（rescue environment）<br />诊断并校正由bootloader、模块和文件系统错误造成的系统启动失败<br />诊断并校正与网络服务相关的问题（有关这些服务的列表，参见下面的安装及配置部分）<br />添加、删除逻辑卷和调整逻辑卷的大小<br /><span style="font-size: small"><strong>安装及配置</strong></span><br /><br />红帽认证工程师除了必须具有上述红帽认证技师技能外，还必须能够配置如下各种网络服务：<br />HTTP/HTTPS<br />SMB<br />NFS<br />FTP<br />Web 代理<br />SMTP<br />IMAP, IMAPS, 和 POP3<br />SSH<br />DNS （缓存域名服务器、从属名称服务器）<br /><br />对于以上每一种服务，红帽认证工程师必须具有如下技能：<br />安装提供服务所需的软件包<br />配置系统启动时开始的服务<br />配置要进行基本操作的服务<br />为服务配置基于主机和基于用户的安全<br /><br />红帽认证工程师同时还必须掌握：<br />使用Kickstart配置自动安装<br />安装时执行逻辑卷<br />使用PAM来执行用户级限制<br /><span style="font-size: small"><strong>红帽课程涵盖如下技能</strong></span><br />RH033 红帽Linux 基础课程 主要介绍必须掌握的基本技能，但不包括TCP/IP基本原理。网络基础课程 系列中包括TCP/IP基本原理。<br />RH133 红帽Linux系统管理 涵盖了红帽认证技师需掌握的技能。<br />RH253 红帽Linux网络服务及安全 涵盖了红帽认证工程师应具备的网络服务及安全技能。学员应该首先参加RH133培训课程。<br />红帽认证工程师速成课程是RH133和RH253两大培训课程培训内容浓缩的精华。只有拥有网络服务背景、经验丰富的Linux和UNIX系统管理员可以参加这一课程。<br /><br/>Tags - <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=rhce" rel="tag">rhce</a> , <a href="http://www.allenzheng.com/tag.php?tag=%25E8%2580%2583%25E8%25AF%2595%25E6%258C%2587%25E5%258D%2597" rel="tag">考试指南</a>
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